Balkans: Croatia-Serbia

Concluded 1995: some remaining tensions, unlikely to re-start.
 
This conflict concerned power, ethnic nationalism and the breakup of the federation of Yugoslavia, yet social-cultural differences between Catholic Croatia (and Slovenia) and Orthodox Serbia were crucial factors, with their historic roots going back to the times of the Habsburg and Ottoman empires.
 
In 1989, Croatia and Slovenia sought independence. In 1990 Serb president Milosevic supported a rebellion by Croatia’s 12% Serb minority, also suppressing the 90% Albanian majority in Kosovo. Croatia and Slovenia declared independence in 1991, leading to full-scale conflict with Serbia.
 
Atrocities, ethnic cleansing and refugees on both sides. Truce in Jan 1992 after 10,000 deaths, after Serb guerrillas had taken one-third of Croatia (Krajina). Conflict continued in Bosnia. In 1995, Croatia reclaimed its lost territory. The Dayton Peace Accords of Dec 1995 settled the conflict.

LINKS:

On War: Croatia
Wikipedia: Yugoslav Wars
Lectures on the Yugoslav Civil Wars